Details
For each set of three musical notes forming a triad, print the name of the
chord they form, consisting of the root note and the type of triad.
Each note is represented as an uppercase letter, optionally followed by a
single accidental, either sharp (♯ U+266F) or flat (♭ U+266D).
Background:
There are twelve pitch classes in twelve-tone equal temperament, some of
which have multiple names due to ♯ and ♭ raising and
lowering the pitch, respectively. They are, in ascending order:
#
| Name 1
| Name 2
|
0
| A
|
|
1
| A♯
| B♭
|
2
| B
| C♭
|
3
| C
| B♯
|
4
| C♯
| D♭
|
5
| D
|
|
6
| D♯
| E♭
|
7
| E
| F♭
|
8
| F
| E♯
|
9
| F♯
| G♭
|
10
| G
|
|
11
| G♯
| A♭
|
A triad consists of a root note on the bottom followed by two thirds
stacked on top of it. Thirds describe the distance between the preceding
and following note. A third can be either of two types:
Name
| Distance
| Example
|
Minor third
| 3
| A C (note 0 to note 3)
|
Major third
| 4
| C E (note 3 to note 7)
|
Being that there are 2 thirds in a triad and each third can be of 2
different types, there are 4 total “types” of triads. They are:
Triad Name
| Thirds (Bottom to Top)
| Example
|
Diminished Triad
| Minor, Minor
| B D F
|
Minor Triad
| Minor, Major
| E G B
|
Major Triad
| Major, Minor
| C E G
|
Augmented Triad
| Major, Major
| D F♯ A♯
|
Input:
-
Triads of notes will always be written out so that the letters in the
name used ascend by 2 between each third (wrapping back to A after G).
Therefore, a triad consisting of notes 3, 6, and 9 may be written as
B♯ D♯ F♯ or C E♭ G♭, but not, for example, as
C D♯ F♯.
-
The notes may appear in any order, e.g., C E G and E C G
both may appear.
Output:
-
Chords are named by the root note followed by nothing for major,
m for minor, ° U+00B0 for diminished, and + for
augmented.
-
The spelling of the root note in the output must match the input, e.g.
the expected output for C E♭ G♭ is C°, not B♯°.
Note: to find the root, look only at the letters. E G♯ C
and E G♯ B♯ cannot be told apart by a method that only considers
note distances. The root is the note whose letter comes 2 and 4 letters
before the other two letters in the chord. The expected outputs are
C+ and E+ respectively.
External links:
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